Struggling with Acne?
You are not alone.
Do you know that acne is one of the most common skin conditions affecting up to 50 million Nigerians annually?
Whether it’s the occasional breakout that times its appearance with life’s big moments or a more persistent type that seems to have taken up permanent residence on your face, we’ve all been there.
Acne doesn’t discriminate by age or gender, making it a universal skin woe. But despite its prevalence, there’s a whirlwind of myths, half-truths, and outright misconceptions swirling around about how to deal with it.
That is where this article comes in.
We answered the 24 frequently asked questions about acne and shed light on the do’s and don’t of acne management
1: What is Acne?
Acne is an inflammatory skin disorder that arises when facial pores are obstructed by accumulated oil and dead skin cells to form whiteheads, blackheads, papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. It has been generally observed that adolescents and youth more often than not suffer from acne but in some cases, it may also linger into their adulthood and women are at a higher risk of adult acne.
Sebum production excess, inflammation due to dead skin buildup, bacterial growth in pores, and hormonal changes during puberty or pregnancy contribute to acne development. A person’s genetics, medications that they take, and environmental factors like diet and stress can also lead to acne. Acne spots can scatter not only on the face but also on the chest, back, and shoulders.
2: What is the best product to remove acne?
The best product to get rid of acne is that which is suitable for your skin type, gravity of acne, and other conditions. The things that go well for a certain person may not necessarily go well for someone else.
However, several commonly used products and ingredients have shown effectiveness in treating acne:
- Benzoyl peroxide: It is an over-the-counter drug, which kills bacteria and reduces inflammation, and is also good in unclogging pores. It offers different strengths and formulations such as face washes, creams, gels, and spot treatment products.
- Salicylic acid: Likewise, salicylic acid, a second over-the-counter option, helps in exfoliating the skin and can be used to clear pores as well as reduce inflammation. It can be found in products such as washes, lotions, and masks.
- Retinoids: Prescription retinoids (tretinoin (Retin-A) or adapalene (Differin) at their strength can clear up the pores, speed up cellular turnover, and reduce inflammation very well. They are over-the-counter skincare products and can be purchased as cream or gel.
- Topical antibiotics: Acne-causing bacteria can be killed and skin inflammation can be reduced with topical antibiotics such as clindamycin or erythromycin.
- Oral antibiotics: For moderate to severe acne treatments which include oral antibiotics like doxycycline, minocycline, or tetracycline may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and generate bacterial control.
- Isotretinoin (Accutane): This tablet is administered when other treatments did not bring notable results in severe cystic acne. It functions in doing so by diminishing oil production, preventing open pores, and decreasing irritation. But, it has many side effects and needs to be administered while supervised by a physician.
- Hormonal therapy: For females with hormonal acne, taking oral contraceptives or anti-androgen drugs like spironolactone that regulate hormones, can help in improving acne.
- Chemical peels: Chemical peels containing acidic ingredients such as glycolic acid, salicylic acid, or trichloroacetic acid can help eliminate dead skin cells, overly produce oils, and eventually get rid of acne.
It is important to pick up products depending on your skin type and also the particular requirements.
Begin with lighter products and add stronger formulations when needed. Also, consistency as an essential factor needs to be kept in mind, because it might take up to several weeks to show up the positive outcome.
If the non-prescription drugs fail to satisfy the needs then the patients should seek the help of a dermatologist who will recommend some customized remedies and prescription options for the treatment.
3: What cures acne overnight?
Unfortunately, acne is not just a common skin problem that can be solved by some overnight cure, but rather it is a complex condition that requires consistency and time in treatment to show positive results. Although it’s not a guarantee, some strategies might help make acne appear less overnight.
Acne spot treatments that include benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or sulfur among the active ingredients can be very effective in getting rid of the inflammation and drying out acne lesions. Furthermore, the icing of swollen and inflamed acne spots can help to alleviate swelling and redness and provide temporary relief.
Besides natural remedies like a honey and cinnamon mask or diluted tea tree oil, which have anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory features, other treatments like an increase in water intake may also help overnight in reducing acne symptoms. It is important to keep in mind that the impact of these treatments on the individual can vary considerably, and the positive effects may not be seen from the start or throughout the treatment.
Consistent skin care routines, from a clean pillowcase to regular lifestyle changes, is a prerequisite for long-term acne management. If the acne appears to be prolonged or severe then, you should certainly consider visiting a dermatologist to check for the best individualized treatment options and tips that suit your skin type.
4: What are the top 5 acne products?
The top 5 acne products typically recommended by dermatologists and skincare experts include:
- Benzoyl Peroxide: This ingredient is well-known to have antibacterial properties and thus, its application to the skin causes the acne-causing bacteria to die and reduce inflammation. It is almost always present in soaps, spot treatments, or creams.
- Salicylic Acid: Beta hydroxy acid helps exfoliate the skin, unclog pores, and reduce inflammation. Salicylic acid is a popular form of cleansing, toning, and spot treatments for oily skin that causes acne.
- Retinoids: These carotenoid derivatives of vitamin A help in stimulating skin cell turnover or reducing the occurrence of clogged pores and reduction of acne lesions and other forms of skin irritation. Two types of retinoids are normally prescribed to people suffering from acne. They are prescription retinoids – tretinoin and retinol products that can be bought over the counter.
- Sulfur: It contains anti-inflammatory and antibacterial components that can decrease acne pustules and soothe irritable skin. It is mostly produced by the mask, spot treatment and cleanser.
- Tea Tree Oil: Tea tree oil has been demonstrated to be highly effective in not causing acne by fighting the bacteria that cause acne and decreasing inflammation. It is widely applied as a diluted solution as spot treatment being one of several skincare supplements.
These products are most commonly found in the acne treatment sector and are regularly incorporated into skincare regimens, with the primary aim to clear blemishes and avoid breakouts.
One should be able to choose the skincare products that suit his or her skin type and concerns, and a dermatologist consultation is a good way to help you decide the best acne products for your particular conditions.
5: What causes acne on the forehead only?
The factors which may contribute to acne on the forehead include a range of leading elements, while some of the common triggers can be pointed out. One of the most common reasons is the use of different hair products like gels, and oils which seep into the forehead and clog the pores resulting in acne formation.
Furthermore, hats or headbands that rub on the forehead will trap sweat, dirt, and oil which can be a suitable place for bacteria responsible for acne to cultivate. These external factors can be the ones responsible for many of the breakouts that occur in this area.
Poor hygiene is also a factor that may cause forehead acne. Regular forehead cleaning and the removal of sweat, oil, and dirt that clog pores and cause acne is imperative for preventing this condition. Cleansing products that are too aggressive or excessive washing can worsen the situation by depleting the natural balance of the skin and possibly making acne worse. The forehead should be cleansed in a similar way, which should be gentle and routine to prevent acne appearance and to keep it clear.
Apart from external factors, there are internal factors like stress and diet that can contribute to acne on the forehead. Stress is known to be linked to hormonal imbalance that increases the oil production in the skin which leads to acne breakouts due to clogged pores.
Additionally, since consuming high sugar can lead to body inflammation that can be shown on the forehead as acne, eating sugar should be avoided. These internal factors can be mitigated through stress management techniques and a balanced diet, which will act as a complement to the external skincare routine to manage and prevent forehead acne.
It is important to visit a dermatologist if you are faced with stubborn or more severe forehead acne. Since every skin type is different, a dermatologist will provide specialized recommendations to deal with forehead acne.
7: What kills acne and pimples?
There are a few ingredients and treatments that have shown to be very effective in killing acne-causing bacteria and lowering the inflammation that causes acne and pimples. Benzoyl peroxide selected for its antibacterial properties attacks the bacteria which leads to acne, while salicylic acid promotes the peeling and emptying of pores.
Retinoids not only induce skin cell turnover and prevent pores from becoming clogged but also sulfur which is well known for its anti-inflammatory properties helps to reduce inflammation and swelling, while tea tree oil’s natural antibacterial nature is instrumental in fighting acne.
These ingredients can make a big difference if added to a skin regimen that is designed to meet the needs of each individual’s skin type, and as such, can effectively treat acne and pimples which results in healthy and clear skin. Regular use and consultation of the prescribed treatments with a dermatologist can improve your acne treatment results.
8: What causes acne?
Acne happens to be mostly caused by a mix of several contributing factors that are centered on the hair follicles, oil glands, bacteria, and inflammation of the skin. The combination of oil released from the sebaceous glands and dead skin cells causes clogging of hair follicles and results in comedones (blackheads and whiteheads) formation.
The presence of Propionibacterium acnes which is a type of bacteria on the skin can even worsen acne when it causes inflammation and infection within the clogged pores. Hormonal changes, especially during puberty, are also known to make the sebaceous glands produce extra oils which further promotes acne formation.
Moreover, there are also some genetic factors, certain medications and lifestyle habits like diet and stress that can affect the manifestation of acne. Understanding the fundamental causes of acne is essential for the development of efficient preventive measures and treatment strategies to manage this common skin problem.
9: What is cystic acne?
Cystic acne is a most severe type of acne, which unlike other forms, it is characterized by deep, inflamed breakouts that may be accompanied by large, painful cysts. The pus-filled cysts, teeming with bacteria and dead tissue, are sometimes painful to touch.
Cystic acne lesions tend to be the size of a regular pimple but can be more painful and may cause permanent scarring if not treated promptly. Among the common types of acne, this one often takes place when bacteria, oil, and dead skin cells become inseparable in the hair follicle and consequently trapped, leading to a very inflammatory process and the creation of cysts.
Cystic acne is more difficult to control and can necessitate the use of multiple treatments such as topical treatments, oral medications, and professional interventions to effectively manage it and prevent further breakouts. It is advisable to consult a dermatologist for the formulation of the treatment plans that is specifically focused on cystic acne and minimizes the impact seen on the skin.
10: What causes acne on cheeks?
The causes of acne on the cheeks can include excessive oil production, clogged pores, bacteria, inflammation, hormonal fluctuations, and external irritants. A surplus of oil produced by the sebaceous glands on the cheeks can clog the hair follicles and lead to acne lesions.
Inflammation and infection within the clogged pores can be further aggravated by bacteria, particularly Propionibacterium acnes. Hormonal changes, such as fluctuations during puberty, menstruation, or hormonal imbalances, can also contribute to increased oil production and acne development on the cheeks.
Additionally, factors like using comedogenic skin care products, not properly cleansing the skin, touching the face frequently, and environmental factors like pollution can also trigger or worsen acne on the cheeks. By understanding these underlying causes, targeted skincare routines and lifestyle changes can be implemented to prevent acne breakouts on the cheeks.
11: What is acne-prone skin?
Acne-prone skin refers to skin that is more susceptible to developing acne due to factors such as excess oil production, clogged pores, and inflammation. It can be characterized by frequent breakouts, blackheads, whiteheads, and red or inflamed pimples on the cheeks and other areas of the face.
By taking steps to address these factors and maintain a consistent skincare routine, individuals with acne prone skin can help reduce the frequency and severity of breakouts.
12: What foods cause acne?
Foods that are high in sugar, dairy, and processed ingredients have been linked to worsening acne breakouts. It is important to maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins to help keep skin clear and healthy.
Additionally, staying hydrated and avoiding excessive consumption of greasy or fried foods can also contribute to clearer skin. Making sure to cleanse the skin regularly and use non-comedogenic products can further help prevent acne flare-ups.
13: What are acne scars?
Acne scars are marks left on the skin after acne breakouts. They can be either indentations in the skin or raised scars, caused by the body’s response to healing the acne. These scars can vary in appearance and may require different treatments to reduce their visibility.
It is important to consult with a dermatologist to determine the best course of action for treating acne scars. Some options may include laser treatments, chemical peels, or microneedling to improve the skin’s texture and appearance. It is also essential to protect the skin from sun exposure, as UV rays can worsen the appearance of acne scars.
14: What is acne vulgaris?
It is another name for acne. It is a common skin condition that involves blockage and inflammation of hair follicles. It can appear as non-inflammatory lesions like comedones or inflammatory lesions such as papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts.
Acne vulgaris typically affects areas with many oil glands like the face, chest, and back. The condition develops due to factors like excess sebum production, follicular plugging, bacterial colonization by Cutibacterium acnes, and inflammation.
15: What is an acne patch?
An acne patch is a small, adhesive patch that is placed directly over an acne to help treat and heal it. These patches often contain ingredients like hydrocolloid, which can absorb excess fluid from the acne and promote faster healing. Acne patches are designed to protect the acne from external bacteria and prevent picking or touching, helping to reduce inflammation and promote clearer skin.
Acne patches are a convenient and discreet way to target individual acne without the need for harsh topical treatments. They can be worn overnight or throughout the day to provide continuous treatment and protection for the affected area.
16: What is doxycycline used for acne?
Doxycycline is commonly prescribed for acne treatment, working by killing acne-causing bacteria and reducing inflammation. It is typically taken for no more than 3 to 4 months to prevent bacterial resistance. Doxycycline can start improving acne within 2 weeks, but it may take up to 12 weeks to see full benefits, with common side effects like sun sensitivity and nausea.
It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any acne treatment, including doxycycline, to ensure it is the right option for your specific case. Additionally, maintaining a consistent skincare routine and healthy lifestyle habits can also help manage acne.
17: What is hyperpigmentation acne?
Hyperpigmentation acne refers to dark spots that appear on the skin after the acne heals, caused by excess melanin production. These spots can be treated with ingredients like hydroquinone, azelaic acid, glycolic acid, kojic acid, retinoids, and vitamin C to lighten them. Additionally, photoprotection with sunscreens is important to prevent dark spots from worsening due to sun exposure.
18: What is the difference between acne and pimples?
Acne and pimples are both skin problems, but there’s a difference between them. Acne is a broader term. It includes various skin issues like blackheads, whiteheads, and pimples. It often happens when hair follicles get clogged with oil and dead skin cells.
Pimples, on the other hand, are a specific type of acne – Inflammation of the hair follicles causes small red bumps on the skin. So, while all pimples are acne, not all acne is pimples.
Acne can also include more severe forms like cysts and nodules, which are deeper and more painful than regular pimples. It is important to differentiate between acne and pimples to determine the appropriate treatment for each specific skin issue.
20: What causes back acne?
Hormonal fluctuations during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause may cause back acne in females while back acne in males can be caused by hormonal changes, particularly during puberty, when increased androgen hormones like testosterone stimulate the skin’s oil glands, leading to excess oil production and clogged pores.
Hereditary factors are also important, particularly in cases when acne runs in the family. Acne and clogged pores may occur from sweating without taking a quick shower or changing clothes. Tight clothes or bulky backpacks can cause friction on the skin, which leads to acne. Also, poor skin care practices, including not washing your face often or using harsh products, can cause germs, oil, and dead skin cells to build up and cause acne on your back.
21: What is hormonal acne?
Hormonal acne is caused mostly by fluctuations in the body’s hormone levels, particularly during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause. Hormonal fluctuations have the potential to increase the amount of sebum produced by the skin’s oil glands. Sebum, when mixed with bacteria and dead skin cells, can block pores and form acne lesions.
Hormonal acne can also arise as a result of hormonal imbalances, such as a surplus of androgens (male hormones) like testosterone. Although both men and women can get hormonal acne, women are more likely to suffer from it because of monthly menstruation cycles and other hormonal fluctuations that occur throughout life.
22: What causes chest acne?
Chest acne can be caused by hormonal changes, excessive sweating, friction from tight clothing, poor skincare habits, and a genetic predisposition. Hormonal changes, particularly during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause, can cause increased oil production and clogged pores.
Sweat and friction, along with insufficient sanitation, might worsen the problem. Effective management entails following proper skincare habits, wearing breathable clothing, and seeking medical attention when needed.
In some cases, hormonal acne on the chest may also be a sign of an underlying medical condition such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hormonal imbalances. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.
23: What is fungal acne?
It is a type of acne caused by a large amount of yeast on the skin. Unlike common acne, which is caused by bacteria, fungal acne develops when the yeast Malassezia, which is naturally present on the skin, overgrows and attacks the cells that produce hair.
This may lead to tiny, itchy, red or white pimples that resemble acne. Hot and humid settings, heavy sweating, tight clothes, and the use of yeast-promoting skincare products are all common causes of fungal acne. A medical professional is likely to suggest antifungal drugs or topical antifungal treatments as treatment.
It is important to differentiate between fungal acne and traditional acne in order to determine the appropriate treatment. If left untreated, fungal acne can worsen and spread to other areas of the body.
24: What is acne in pregnancy?
Pregnancy often triggers acne, causing frequent skin issues with the appearance of pimples, blackheads, and other acne lesions on the face, chest, back, and occasionally other parts of the body. Hormonal changes, notably an increase in androgen hormones such as testosterone, cause the skin’s oil glands to generate more oil (sebum).
Excess oil, along with dead skin cells and germs, can clog pores and cause acne. Increased blood flow and hormonal variations during pregnancy might also contribute to acne development. While acne during pregnancy is usually temporary and improves after childbirth, it can still be challenging for some women.
It is important to check with a healthcare expert before utilizing any acne medications or treatments during pregnancy, as some may pose risks to the developing baby.
Conclusion
Identifying the root cause of acne and the type of acne is important before you begin treatment.
When deciding on an acne treatment approach, you should evaluate your skin condition and visit a dermatologist before beginning any treatment.